Source: 本站 Published: 2018/02/24
ASCII was developed from telegraph code. Its first commercial use was as a seven-bit teleprinter code promoted by Bell data services. Work on the ASCII standard began on October 6, 1960, with the first meeting of the American Standards Association's (ASA) (now the American National Standards Institute or ANSI) X3.2 subcommittee. The first edition of the standard was published in 1963,[4][5] underwent a major revision during 1967,[6][7] and experienced its most recent update during 1986.[8] Compared to earlier telegraph codes, the proposed Bell code and ASCII were both ordered for more convenient sorting (i.e., alphabetization) of lists, and added features for devices other than teleprinters.
The use of ASCII format for Network Interchange was described in 1969.[9] That document was formally elevated to an Internet Standard in 2015.[10]
Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart above.[11] Ninety-five of the encoded characters are printable: these include the digits 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, and punctuation symbols. In addition, the original ASCII specification included 33 non-printing control codes which originated with Teletype machines; most of these are now obsolete,[12] although a few are still commonly used, such as the carriage return, line feed and tab codes.
Binary | Oct | Dec | Hex | Abbreviation | [b] | [c] | [d] | Name (1967) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1963 | 1965 | 1967 | ||||||||
000 0000 | 000 | 0 | 00 | NULL | NUL | ␀ |
^@
|
\0
|
Null | |
000 0001 | 001 | 1 | 01 | SOM | SOH | ␁ |
^A
|
Start of Heading | ||
000 0010 | 002 | 2 | 02 | EOA | STX | ␂ |
^B
|
Start of Text | ||
000 0011 | 003 | 3 | 03 | EOM | ETX | ␃ |
^C
|
End of Text | ||
000 0100 | 004 | 4 | 04 | EOT | ␄ |
^D
|
End of Transmission | |||
000 0101 | 005 | 5 | 05 | WRU | ENQ | ␅ |
^E
|
Enquiry | ||
000 0110 | 006 | 6 | 06 | RU | ACK | ␆ |
^F
|
Acknowledgement | ||
000 0111 | 007 | 7 | 07 | BELL | BEL | ␇ |
^G
|
\a
|
Bell | |
000 1000 | 010 | 8 | 08 | FE0 | BS | ␈ |
^H
|
\b
|
Backspace[e][f] | |
000 1001 | 011 | 9 | 09 | HT/SK | HT | ␉ |
^I
|
\t
|
Horizontal Tab[g] | |
000 1010 | 012 | 10 | 0A | LF | ␊ |
^J
|
\n
|
Line Feed | ||
000 1011 | 013 | 11 | 0B | VTAB | VT | ␋ |
^K
|
\v
|
Vertical Tab | |
000 1100 | 014 | 12 | 0C | FF | ␌ |
^L
|
\f
|
Form Feed | ||
000 1101 | 015 | 13 | 0D | CR | ␍ |
^M
|
\r
|
Carriage Return[h] | ||
000 1110 | 016 | 14 | 0E | SO | ␎ |
^N
|
Shift Out | |||
000 1111 | 017 | 15 | 0F | SI | ␏ |
^O
|
Shift In | |||
001 0000 | 020 | 16 | 10 | DC0 | DLE | ␐ |
^P
|
Data Link Escape | ||
001 0001 | 021 | 17 | 11 | DC1 | ␑ |
^Q
|
Device Control 1 (often XON) | |||
001 0010 | 022 | 18 | 12 | DC2 | ␒ |
^R
|
Device Control 2 | |||
001 0011 | 023 | 19 | 13 | DC3 | ␓ |
^S
|
Device Control 3 (often XOFF) | |||
001 0100 | 024 | 20 | 14 | DC4 | ␔ |
^T
|
Device Control 4 | |||
001 0101 | 025 | 21 | 15 | ERR | NAK | ␕ |
^U
|
Negative Acknowledgement | ||
001 0110 | 026 | 22 | 16 | SYNC | SYN | ␖ |
^V
|
Synchronous Idle | ||
001 0111 | 027 | 23 | 17 | LEM | ETB | ␗ |
^W
|
End of Transmission Block | ||
001 1000 | 030 | 24 | 18 | S0 | CAN | ␘ |
^X
|
Cancel | ||
001 1001 | 031 | 25 | 19 | S1 | EM | ␙ |
^Y
|
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